The baroque traveling physician Johann Andreas Eisenbarth, also known as Doctor Eisenbarth, who hails from Oberviechtach in the Upper Palatinate Forest (1663-1727), remains one of the most well-known figures in German medical history even 350 years after his birth. However, despite the intensive and systematic examination of his life and work that began in the early 20th century, his reputation is still shaped by the satirical song "Ich bin der Doktor Eisenbarth, kurier die Leut nach meiner Art," which emerged around 1800 in student circles. In this song, the oculist, hernia and stone cutter is portrayed as a quack, charlatan, and fraud who employed bizarre and dubious treatment methods. This vilification has led to Eisenbarth often being regarded as a legendary figure, whereas he was, in fact, the exact opposite of this distorted image.