"Duccio and Antiquity" is an academic book that explores the painting of the Sienese artist Duccio di Buoninsegna, who was active from 1278 to 1318. The work offers a critical analysis of Duccio's art, often regarded as backward, and highlights his influence on Sienese painting as well as on Italian Trecento. In particular, it addresses the significance of antiquity for the renewal of painting at the beginning of the Trecento, an aspect that has been overlooked in previous research. The study goes beyond traditional approaches and takes into account the different reception conditions in the Middle Ages. It examines how the awareness of antiquity in Siena, especially in relation to the founding and lineage legend, was represented in artworks. Through an interdisciplinary approach, it connects components of intellectual, cultural, and art history to provide a more comprehensive understanding of art and its development during this period.