In the dissertation published by Duncker & Humblot in 1906, Alice Salomon examines a topic that still holds immense relevance today. Unlike the abstract demand for "equal pay for equal work" raised by the women's movement of her time, Salomon seeks explanations for gender-dependent unequal pay through empirical evidence and concludes that, in fact, unequal pay is associated with unequal performance. It is not arbitrary but rather established structures and the undervaluation of women's work, even within their own ranks, that are responsible for the unequal pay. Thus, she already calls in the preface of her work: "It is fundamentally in the hands of women themselves and their education to change the motives of their actions and the purposes under which they have so far placed their work. May this writing contribute to guiding a young generation of women towards the right paths.".