The right of citizens to resist state power plays a central role in legitimizing the constitutional state at the end of the 18th century. However, classical German philosophy struggles with its acceptance. Liberal progressive thinking and social revolutionary movements lead to new constellations of conflict in the 19th century. In the first half of the 20th century, both propagandists of totalitarian movements and forces of the Resistance invoke this right. In the present, it is primarily forms of civil disobedience and international protest movements that raise new questions about the justification of refusal and resistance. This volume sheds light on the debate surrounding the right to resist and its role in recent history from the perspectives of philosophers, historians, political scientists, and constitutional lawyers.