Organizations are a fundamental feature of modern societies. They are particularly significant for the opportunities for action and life of individuals. As members, customers, clients, or audiences, we are shaped by organizations and depend on their resources. In this way, organizations significantly influence the living conditions, lifestyles, and individual life paths of the members of a society. This book addresses organizations in modern societies, their significance, and their functioning from the perspective of a structurally individualistic sociology. It analyzes the goals and structures of organizations, explores the interaction between individuals and organizations, and discusses the importance of organizations for the economy and society. The content is illustrated through six example organizations, along with literature recommendations.