To control behavior in markets, private law is increasingly being used as an alternative regulatory instrument alongside or instead of public economic supervision. Dörte Poelzig examines, using the examples of competition law, antitrust law, and capital market law, whether and to what extent private law instruments—particularly claims for damages, injunctions, and disgorgement of profits in favor of market participants or private associations—can be effectively utilized to enforce economic law standards of conduct. She discusses the common structure of private law enforcement instruments and the specific private law and civil procedural questions associated with them. The author explores whether the enforcement of economic law standards can be viewed from the perspectives of EU law, constitutional law, and law and economics.