This study deals with the Carta del Lavoro from 1927. This charter, also referred to as the labor constitution of the Italian fascists, aimed to create a corporative class state that would place the work of the individual at the center of all social life. The homo corporativus was to serve as a new fascist ideal type, dedicating his work to the welfare of the community and the nation, in order to create a society based on private property, which would overcome both Marxist-socialist utopias and capitalist-economic liberal realities. Despite some social policy achievements adopted into Italian post-war democracy, the idea of fascist corporatism was doomed to fail.