Many African countries established stock exchanges in the early 1990s as a prerequisite for the introduction of a market economy. Ethiopia, the second most populous country in Africa, has undergone various economic and political changes, from imperial feudalism to the current market economy, and has a growing economy that constantly requires investments for new ventures as well as for the expansion and modernization of existing production capacities. To maintain annual GDP growth, the country needs new investments; in other words, it requires capital for investment. The stock exchange serves as a means of capital raising, as it mobilizes the savings of investors. Therefore, the stock markets are essential for the overall economic growth of the country. Nevertheless, the country does not have an established stock market, even though the need for developing a capital market has been continuously discussed by various groups and academics. This book examines the possibilities for developing stock markets in Ethiopia, taking into account institutional, legal, regulatory, technical, economic, financial, and other factors.