The central goal of instruction in the early school years is to teach the fundamental skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic. According to various studies, about 10% of first graders exhibit significant support needs during this process. Early support at the start of school is particularly important because early performance deficits in initial instruction can dramatically affect further educational learning processes. This book provides information on the causes of children's learning difficulties, early detection, and proven concepts for effective support. It also addresses the provision of psychological knowledge to improve the learning conditions for children, such as in the areas of perception, motivation, and attention. For each area of support, examples of meaningful exercises with the children are provided, with all exercise forms being scientifically grounded.