The terms inclusion and exclusion are relatively new, but as a social reality, they have existed since the dawn of humanity. Through the Renaissance, Enlightenment, and civic revolutions, a functionally differentiated society emerged. Inclusion and exclusion are taking on new, global forms in modern society. No one is entirely excluded from all subsystems anymore; thus, there are essentially only partial exclusions. However, this applies only to modern, functionally differentiated societies. At the same time, there are still societies worldwide with a small, unimaginably wealthy upper class and a large, enslaved lower class. The globalized modern society cannot overlook this reality. Therefore, the concepts of inclusion and exclusion require a moral foundation: Every person is an individual of value and dignity.