The painting in the double dome structure of the first Goetheanum was executed from 1915 onwards based on designs by Rudolf Steiner, with significant portions completed by him from the summer of 1918 to October 1919. It occupied a significant place in the total work of art of this building, covering an area of 650 square meters. Alongside the extensive iconographic program (large dome: creation of the world and world ages, small dome: the figure of Christ and the initiators of cultural epochs), a new technique and painting style (plant colors in layer technique) were introduced. Contemporaries reported the extraordinarily strong effect that the painting, combined with the multicolored light from the stained glass windows, had. The building burned down on New Year's Eve 1922, so today one can only form an impression of this painting from Rudolf Steiner's own pastel sketches and drawings, as well as from a series of photographs. Steiner himself repeatedly emphasized that he aimed for a new artistic conception, which is primarily based on a conscious and deepened understanding of the nature of color. Thus, alongside the visual material, the numerous statements by Rudolf Steiner regarding his artistic intentions are of great interest, as they contribute to the overall picture of a renewal of the arts, for which he tirelessly advocated. Although the designs and photographs, as well as the written and oral statements of Rudolf Steiner, have mostly been published within his overall work—except for the black-and-white drawings of the large dome presented here for the first time—a comprehensive presentation has been lacking until now. The painter Hilde Raske from Dornach has undertaken this task in a multi-year effort. The largely complete compilation of visual and textual material defines the documentary character of this volume.