Until 1933, Berlin had by far the most privately operated theaters in Germany. Many of the most prominent theater directors were Jewish, but by the summer of 1933, not a single one remained in office. Bjoern Weigel asks how the National Socialists displaced the theater directors from their positions without altering the corporate structures, and sheds light on the economic and political backgrounds that aimed to transform German prestigious stages into an "Aryan" theater.