This book describes the fundamentals and various aspects of transportation in a compact form. Transportation is the most significant function in all social and economic systems, from local to global levels. It connects our division of labor economy for production and enables the exploration of markets from both procurement and sales perspectives. With digital support, transportation is an indispensable tool for increasing the predictability and traceability of transport flows, cushioning fluctuations in transport volumes, and ensuring the efficiency of transport services in the overall economic context. Thus, it is the key element in every logistics network and a central task in modern supply chain management.