This volume offers a comprehensive overview of the normative theories of science. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, philosophy seemed to surrender its competence in dealing with the fundamental problems of human existence to physics. Some philosophers used their knowledge of mathematics and logic to gain philosophical ground by referring to the philosophical traditions of epistemology with the normative scientific theories of logical positivism, critical rationalism and constructivism. Their exaggerated and unjustifiable claim to prescribe correct scientific work to scientists has ruined the reputation of the philosophy of science, despite their science-promoting works such as the theory of metrisation or the linguistic theory of meaning. Volume III is therefore a Wiede.