Early Christianity must be understood in its diversity and as part of the religious world of Greco-Roman antiquity. This textbook by Markus Öhler offers a reconstruction of the beginnings of early Christianity from Jesus of Nazareth to the Bar-Kochba revolt in 135 AD. The central aim of the book is to place the history of early Christianity within the context of the social and historical developments of the early imperial period. This approach makes the various expressions of Christian traditions and communities as recognizable as the changing relationship with ancient Judaism and the surrounding society. Thus, a comprehensive picture of early Christianity emerges.