During the Greco-Roman period, the Fayum developed into one of the most agriculturally productive regions of Egypt and was at the center of a targeted settlement and cultivation policy. This volume contains the lectures from the third international Fayum symposium, which took place from May 29 to June 1, 2007, in Freudenstadt in the Black Forest. Egyptologists, papyrologists, and archaeologists from around the world came together to report on their current research and contribute to enhancing our understanding of the Fayum during the Greco-Roman period from the perspectives of their various disciplines.