All roads lead to Rome! But which is the best one - how does my GPS even find the way? And what about a round trip through Europe's capitals? These questions represent just a small aspect of the topics covered in this book. Through numerous practical situations, the concepts of graph theory and network optimization are introduced, and the problems raised are subsequently solved using algorithms. The book is aimed at students of mathematics and computer science in their early semesters, as well as interested practitioners. It contains a variety of application examples and important algorithms relevant to practice, along with proofs of their optimality. No special mathematical background is required: all terms and methods are introduced in an understandable way. The knowledge gained can be deepened through numerous exercises and their solutions.