The legal possibilities of cross-border mergers of companies are illustrated using the example of Austria and Bulgaria. The freedom of capital movement and the general prohibition of discrimination are taken into account in this work, as well as the relevant rulings of the CJEU regarding the freedom of establishment. Furthermore, the relevant secondary Union law for harmonizing European company law is addressed insofar as it is significant for cross-border mergers. The directive on cross-border mergers is presented with the national implementation by both the Austrian and Bulgarian legislatures sequentially in the respective chapters. This approach aims to provide a better understanding of the differing regulatory density in the two member states on the same topic.