This book addresses the fundamentals of biology and chemistry didactics with an innovative, competency-oriented approach. Central questions of science education are discussed with well-developed solution examples and learning tasks, supplemented by informative texts. To gradually facilitate didactic work for schools and teaching, the solution examples can be applied as concrete models and transferred to new didactic questions. With this book, the reader learns to meaningfully vary the many different aspects of effective biology and chemistry teaching and to recombine them during planning, ensuring a confident entry into science teaching practice. Therefore, this book is suitable for both self-study and exam preparation and is aimed at aspiring teachers in the sciences.