Individuals can become (co-)causators of serious injuries or fatalities to others without their own fault or through negligence. How do those affected cope with such traumatic events? In what ways do they deal with guilt and responsibility, and how do they confront their environment with it? This empirical study focuses on attributions of guilt, processes of taking responsibility, the encounters and communication between perpetrators and victims, as well as the social restoration of the subjects and their relationships. The theoretical foundation of the investigation is psychotraumatology. Based on the presented case studies, the question of how trauma and guilt intertwine is discussed. The insights gained from this are synthesized by the author into a conflict model that serves to mediate the conflict.