Mentalization-based pedagogy focuses on emotions, understanding, and the educational relationship or attachment, addressing all those who are practically or research-oriented in educational fields. The handbook discusses the current state of research as well as case-related experiences from educational fields. It clarifies the developmental psychological foundation of mentalization theory, particularly for childhood and adolescence, before fundamentally addressing the significance of mentalization theory for pedagogy. This is elaborated in detail for the educational fields of early childhood education, schools, social work, supervision and counseling, trauma pedagogy, inclusion, and adult education. Additionally, it examines where mentalization has always been a topic in pedagogy (indirectly) and what influences pedagogy has had on it.