The manual presents the fundamentals of the person-centered approach (PCA) in counseling and pastoral care in an updated and concentrated form. It traces its historical development through Carl R. Rogers as well as current neurobiological insights related to counseling and pastoral care. Connections are made to Catholic and Protestant theological, philosophical, and educational anthropology, as well as to approaches in depth psychology, behavior therapy, and systemic therapy. In addition to the significance of pastoral care in the two major churches, in diaconia and charity, and the importance of the person-centered approach in school education and development, the book addresses concrete societal and life-related topics such as interculturality, gender, depression, social work, hospice care, and community pastoral care. It also outlines learning objectives and methodologies for various counseling formats.