This work identifies for the first time more than one hundred sixty paintings, portraits, crayons, and tapestries from the 16th and 17th centuries as important visual sources used by Heinrich Mann in the creation of his Henri Quatre novel. The locations include the Paris Cabinet des Estampes, French museums, castles, archives, iconographies, and historiographical works. Each character in the novel is assigned their physiognomic source material, and the processing of this material is described. It becomes evident that Heinrich Mann always presents and handles everything physiognomic as a representation of the world of good reason or the world of evil irrationality. This volume contains a total of 163 relevant illustrations, with four images printed in color.