What is meant by oral communication? How is this question didactically relevant? In the fields of linguistics and language didactics, particularly in the school context, concepts of oral communication are significant. They shape expectations, outline scientific models, and influence teaching content and methods in various ways. The authors of this volume explicitly and implicitly engage with different concepts of oral communication: In addition to clarifying what constitutes oral communication, they discuss and specify concepts of oral communication from the perspectives of oral research, written research, and from the standpoint of German as a foreign language. Building on this, the authors develop realistic teaching proposals.