In Christian liturgy, the "memoria passionis," the remembrance of Christ's suffering, is at the center. Metz expands this into the often horrifically profane world. He strives for the potential of universalization in a discourse about God that can be interrupted by the experiences of suffering and contradictions in human history, and which elaborates the problem of theodicy as an unfulfilled question directed at God. The recognition of the authority of the suffering can represent a universally accessible and reasonable universalism in the conflict-ridden coexistence of cultures and religions, and publicly uphold the truth claim of Christianity in a reasoned discourse. Volume four of the collected writings of Johann Baptist Metz.