The textbook provides a solid introduction to the fundamentals, applications, and data analysis of neural networks. The foundational section discusses the core components, learning rules, network types, properties, and issues related to neural networks. The application section addresses current (cognitive) psychological questions presented from the perspective of neural networks. Among other topics, it covers the phenomenon of color constancy, the execution of routine tasks, as well as new explanatory approaches to autistic developmental disorders and serial learning. The third section of the textbook is dedicated to data analysis using neural networks. It introduces and thoroughly discusses the software programs Visual-XSel, MemBrain, and SPSS. Thus, datasets collected during thesis work or research projects can be utilized without prior knowledge.