Psychodynamic Diagnosis of Dependency Development Using OPD-2. Dependency develops against the backdrop of personality, and therefore, adequate diagnosis of dependency development is inconceivable without a diagnosis of personality for psychodynamic psychotherapy. Dependency is determined by this personality, with its relational interactions, internal conflicts, and structural capabilities, as much as by the consumption behavior itself. Thus, for dependency disorders, psychodynamic diagnosis of a person using OPD-2 forms the basis for diagnosis and therapy planning. The present module "Dependency Disorders" complements and deepens the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2) in relation to substance-related abuse or dependency. The focuses from the basic personality are linked with the dynamics of personality changes due to dependency to create a representation of the "addiction spiral." The second edition has been carefully reviewed and redesigned.