Competency models represent an important tool for systematically conducting HR activities within a company and integrating different systems and methods of personnel work. Their use offers, in contrast to the isolated application of individual methods, the opportunity to link the operational day-to-day business of HR managers with the objectives of strategic management. This volume begins with a definition of the term competency model and a delineation of related concepts. Furthermore, it describes the model concepts known in psychological research regarding various areas of human behaviors and traits, consistently making connections between scientific findings and practically applicable methods and approaches.