The so-called singer castrati were the stars of Baroque music. Their childlike high voices, combined with the vocal and expressive power of an adult, made them celebrated artists. Between 1600 and 1750, it is estimated that up to 4,000 boys aged six to nine were castrated each year to pursue a career as a singer castrato. Just this number raises doubts about whether the myth of the singer castrati can be upheld from today's perspective. Additionally, contemporary performers of these vocal parts, mostly countertenors, have no issues meeting all the technical and interpretative demands of Baroque compositions without any surgical intervention. So, did the celebrated singer castrati of the Baroque era really exist? This raises a discussion of the question from a medical perspective.