How important are translation-oriented studies for legal terminology? How significantly do the legal systems of Germany and Ukraine differ from each other? How can lexical gaps in the area of the judiciary be addressed? What translation strategies exist that facilitate the transfer from one language to another? This study discusses the challenges that can arise when translating legal terms, as well as the differences in the court structures of Ukraine and Germany, including types of lawsuits and judicial decisions. In particular, it examines Ukrainian and German technical terms regarding their degree of equivalence. One finding is that many German legal terms do not have equivalents in the Ukrainian language, indicating differences in the legal systems of both countries.