The topic of inclusion is highly relevant in Germany: At the beginning of 2015, the responsible UN committee for the rights of persons with disabilities formulated numerous recommendations and concerns regarding the implementation at the national level. Germany is still far from implementing inclusion comprehensively and uniformly in the education and school system. While bold steps towards the joint schooling of all children are still rare, new challenges are currently arising for the German education and school system: In the short term, numerous refugees, children, and adolescents from countries such as Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan need to be educated in Germany. An inclusive education and school system would better support children and adolescents with a migration background or specific experiences of flight in their entry and further educational development.