This work examines improvisation processes (creativity in performance) from a sociological perspective, with particular attention to the dimensions of action, interaction, and knowledge. In recent years, sociology has developed an increasing interest in the phenomenon of improvisation, focusing less on the results of improvisational actions and more on the improvisation processes themselves. This study also adopts such a focus. Based on empirical, qualitative, and comparative research of Free Jazz and Flamenco practices, as well as engaging with existing research on improvisation, action, interaction, and creativity, a novel model of improvisation is proposed here that explains the relevant action and interaction processes and their applicability to other areas.