Inclusion is a societal key theme that extends far beyond the education and school system into almost all areas of society. Due to its legal foundation, the discourse on inclusion has strong legitimacy and significant interpretative power. On the other hand, inclusion, particularly regarding the manner of its implementation, is also controversial. This volume serves as an introduction to the topic, addressing inclusion as a guiding societal idea and a school-related task. It explores the role that inclusion plays at both societal and school levels, examining educational policy milestones in school inclusion as well as the current state of implementing inclusive education. The volume particularly focuses on the tensions between the moral imperative of inclusion and the contradictory, often excluding consequences that arise.