Since the publication of the 2012 statement "Intersexuality" by the German Ethics Council, ethical and legal questions concerning intersex individuals have been increasingly discussed. Interest groups and media representation continuously bring these issues to the forefront of public attention. This volume addresses these debates and expands on the topic of trans identity. It brings together perspectives of intersex and transgender individuals with findings from empirical studies, including the situation of pre-operative transgender individuals, the motivations for gender-affirming surgeries, and guideline-supported healthcare. It also presents old and new contradictions in jurisprudence and future legal developments regarding intersex and transgender identities. Furthermore, it discusses the approach to children and adolescents as well.