Is it a boy or a girl? The question at the maternity ward inherently excludes another category of gender from societal consideration. Genetic or hormonal variations often lead to the birth of intersex children. Frequently, without regard for the will of those affected, their pain, and their physiological and psychological burdens, medical professionals still resort to the scalpel today to artificially assist nature, usually by creating a neo-vagina. Metabolic disorders, trauma, and possibly numerous unknown long-term effects often make life hell for individuals assigned a gender, especially since their existence is largely tabooed or even denied in society. Caroline Stern addresses the topic of intersexuality from historical, medical, and social psychological perspectives. She questions how affected individuals are treated and how decisions are made about them. To this end, she also gives a voice to those affected and their parents and develops action options for a forward-looking social work.