The present book addresses the most important controversies within psychology, from its beginnings to the present day. The starting point is the current crisis atmosphere within academic psychology. Scientifically oriented psychologists are suffering because their approach to conducting experimental natural science has not achieved the success in practice that they had hoped for. Furthermore, there is a fear of being displaced by true natural scientists, the neuroscientists. The book explores the question of what added value the controversy has generated for the scientific development of psychology and what untapped potentials still exist within the field.