This book is a systematic grammar of modern standard Japanese based on a strictly structuralist foundation with an inductive approach, covering the areas of phonology, morphology, and syntax. It serves as a reference work that can be used as supplementary material alongside textbooks that follow a grammatical progression, particularly in language instruction at universities. It is aimed at anyone who needs to explicitly understand or explain the structure of Japanese sentences, i.e., the relationships between constituents: both Japanese teachers and learners, who should have a willingness to engage in analytical thinking as the only prerequisite. It is also indispensable for those who wish to translate Japanese texts accurately.