This anthology brings together theoretical and empirical contributions that discuss the significance of school in the self-development and identity processes of adolescents. Initially, a broad theoretical overview of classical and contemporary approaches and trends regarding the concept of identity is provided. What is innovative here is the consistent application of the concept of identity to the context of school from a foundational theoretical perspective. Furthermore, the volume offers a comprehensive insight into the current state of research on the relationship between youth, school, and identity across a variety of educational action and research fields.