When Wilhelm Reich's second significant work, Character Analysis, was published in 1933, following his earlier work on the function of orgasm in 1927, many psychoanalysts welcomed it as the best and most thought-out contribution to psychotherapy. However, shortly thereafter, the distribution of the book was banned in fascist Germany. In 1934, the International Psychoanalytical Association also expelled Reich. Reich, who consistently pursued and methodically justified his insights into the sexual-economic structure of neuroses and psychoses, became an outsider. It was not until 1945 that Character Analysis was published again in the United States. Today, the reception of Reich's findings has become unavoidable even for German psychoanalysis. The sensational aspect of Reich's Character Analysis is that it liberates the concept of character from conventional moral implications and turns it into the subject of precise scientific work. Reich noted that what appears as character in analysis is always a neurotic defense system, in which defensive anxiety has solidified in various developmental layers since childhood. He therefore transformed Freud's interpretive analysis into resistance analysis, which not only interprets associative and dream material but also makes the patient's behavior the starting point for therapy. This enabled the successful treatment of even the most difficult obsessive neuroses for the first time. The new treatment technique also released sexual energy with the resolution of muscular tensions, leading to the restoration of orgastic potency. From this clinical experience, Reich developed his socially critical program and later the biological model of the vegetative (sexual) flow, which became the basis of his biopsychiatry or orgone therapy. This edition of Character Analysis contains the original text from 1933, along with some later written chapters.