People with narcissistic personality disorder seek out psychotherapy when their grandiose self-image is challenged. In the therapeutic relationship, their behavior is characterized by arrogance, devaluation of others, and entitlement, which can quickly push inexperienced therapists to their limits. Schema therapy posits that there are specific learned core schemas that govern each person's behavior. Schema therapy was developed by Jeffrey E. Young as a psychodynamic extension of the cognitive-behavioral approach. With schema therapy, it becomes easier to show compassion while simultaneously confronting patients about their inappropriate, often boundary-crossing and aggressive relational style.