The Burgundians were among the barbarian tribes that established their kingdoms within the Roman Empire. More specifically, they founded two kingdoms: one along the Rhine (413-436) and the other along the Rhône (443-534). The first lives on in the bloody scenes of its downfall in the Nibelungenlied, while the second also could not hold its ground and was incorporated into the Merovingian kingdom. As the Regnum Burgundiae, it formed, alongside Austrasia and Neustria, the third of the Frankish realms. The name Burgundy has remained associated with the medieval kingdom, the county, and the duchy, as well as the province and the present-day region of Bourgogne. Who were these Burgundians? The author traces their origins, settlement, their relationships with rival peoples and the Western and Eastern Roman emperors, the traces of their culture and language, as well as their transition from paganism through numerous sources.