Galileo Galilei is a key figure in the scientific revolution of the modern era. His inventive spirit and thirst for discovery are world-renowned, and his conflict with the Church continues to shape the public perception of Galileo to this day. The author presents a comprehensive biography of Galileo's work and contributions, summarizing and reevaluating previous research findings. The narrative largely avoids anecdotes and personal stories. It highlights Galileo's role in the transformation of the worldview in the 17th century, as well as his significance for the science of his time. This well-researched biography frees Galileo's image from old and new myths, presenting him as what he truly was: an outstanding discoverer and inventor of the early modern period. The book aims to provide students and educated laypeople with a deeper understanding of Galileo's controversial and conflict-ridden life and work.