This volume addresses general psychological as well as psychoanalytic theories of motivation and emotion. In Part 1, general motivation theories are contrasted with psychoanalytic ones, with a particular focus on the significant transformations of motivation concepts in psychoanalytic theory development. Part 2 presents approaches from psychological emotion research, followed by a description of the psychoanalytic perspective on emotions and affects. This section primarily explores the question of the existence of unconscious emotions. Results from clinical emotion research show interpersonal relationships as the field of manifestation for motives and emotions. Finally, the developed components are integrated into a model of emotional dynamics, and a new conceptualization of the drive concept based on mentalization theory is introduced.