Epistemological theories form the foundation of clinical practice. They enable therapists to better understand their own work. At the same time, they are fundamental for the self-understanding of a science, helping it to find and assert its place within the scientific community. These points are particularly important for psychoanalysis, as it has many collaborators ranging from neurobiology to literary studies, but also because its scientific status remains contested. The book situates psychoanalysis epistemologically while simultaneously demonstrating that it follows its own, distinctive epistemological path.