Current neurobiological research is focused on the effects of biographical experiences on the brain. The complex interaction of genetic factors and environmental influences is being intensively studied. Early attachment experiences, as well as neglect and trauma, leave molecular traces and permanently alter gene regulation. Modern epigenetics serves as a bridge between biography and biology, occupying a prominent position in the book. The emphasis is on the benefits of neuroscientific findings for psychotherapeutic practice. The frequent overinterpretation of imaging studies, the widespread neurobiological reductionism, and potential dangers of the neurobiological paradigm for psychotherapy are openly discussed.