Lazarillo de Tormes is a significant literary work from the 16th century, regarded as one of the first picaresque novels in Spanish literature. The story follows Lázaro, an orphan who struggles to survive in a cruel and corrupt world. Through his experiences, central themes such as poverty, hunger, and deceit are explored, with the author combining a realistic style with sharp social satire. The anonymous origin of the work has led to numerous debates about the identity of the author, whose keen observations of social reality and power dynamics of the time provide an authentic and critical perspective on the living conditions of the lower classes. The epistolary structure and profound social critique make Lazarillo de Tormes a captivating read that not only sheds light on the roots of modern narrative art but also encourages reflection on ongoing social inequalities.