Musculoskeletal (MSK) radiology is a radiological subspecialty that has expanded its knowledge base and imaging capabilities with the advent of MRI, multi/detector CT, ultrasound, and PET. Prior to the advent of MRI, MSK radiologists used plain film X-rays and arthrograms as their primary tools. The subspecialty has progressed from primary imaging of osseous structures and indirect imaging of joint spaces to direct imaging of soft tissue structures with direct visualization and fine definition of MSK structures. A specialized MSK radiologist requires a sound knowledge of anatomy, pathophysiology, orthopedic surgical techniques, and advancements in imaging modalities. MSK imaging involves all aspects of anatomy, function, disease states, and aspects of interventional radiology pertaining to the MSK system, including imaging in orthopedics, trauma, rheumatology, metabolic, and endocrine diseases.