One will have to admit at a glance that the hygiene of the eye has taken on such significance in recent decades that a comprehensive work was not unnecessary and that a kind of reference book must have been desirable for every researcher. Indeed, this textbook differs from many others in that it does not merely provide a dry enumeration of all eye diseases for which hygiene can offer some solutions, along with a list of all proposed hygienic measures; rather, I have attempted to present the development of contemporary views based on the history of the last 20 years, during which time work in this field has been undertaken, albeit briefly. This textbook on eye hygiene is an unaltered reprint of the original edition from 1892, illustrated with over 110 historical images.