The Sermon on the Mount has once again become the subject of passionate debates: What does it mean for our social actions and for the Christian mandate for peace? A Jewish theologian living in Germany provides answers. He interprets the mountain teaching by reconstructing its context in the life of Jesus and by translating it back into his language. In doing so, highly contested statements receive new, often surprising interpretations and explanations: "But I say to you," "love your enemies," "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth," the provocative demand "Do not resist the evil one," and so on. A wealth of insights, as only an author so knowledgeable in time and language can convey, demonstrates the significance of the Sermon on the Mount for our generation, both in interpersonal relations and in politics. A contribution to the objectification of today's peace debate.