The general, equal right to vote for all citizens without distinction of gender was one of the most important achievements of the revolution at the end of World War I. On March 4, 1919, the first female representatives were finally sworn into the Austrian Parliament. Among them was Adelheid Popp (1869-1939), who could look back on three decades of fighting for women's suffrage. As a young factory worker, Popp joined the Social Democracy and played a crucial role in building a strong proletarian women's movement. For the advocate of women's rights, universal women's suffrage was not an end in itself, but merely a means in the pursuit of comprehensive protection for female workers, shorter working hours, and ultimately a world free from exploitation. This biography traces her life and work up to her entry into Parliament and offers a completely new perspective on the theory and practice of the early women's labor movement.